Comparative Ethical Perspectives in Major World Religions: A Philosophical and Computational Framework

Pankoj Kumar Dutta

The philosophical study of comparative ethics across major world religions offers profound insights into fundamental human values and complex moral reasoning. While there is universal agreement across societies that agents ought to act ethically, there remains profound disagreement as to what precisely constitutes ethical behavior within varying theological frameworks. This paper presents a structured philosophical and computational framework for systematically analyzing the distinct ethical perspectives of Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam. By rigorously mapping these ancient traditions into structured representations, we aim to bridge the persistent gap between historical theological doctrines and modern models of moral uncertainty. Ultimately, this approach provides a robust foundation for encoding pluralistic ethical viewpoints into artificial intelligence systems, ensuring culturally sensitive and globally representative moral reasoning.  

Work-Life Balance among Single Working Women: A Study of Influencing Factors

Dr. P. Anitha

Work-life balance has become an important issue in the modern working environment, especially among women who manage both professional and personal responsibilities. Single working women face greater challenges because they often handle family responsibilities independently without the support of a spouse. The present study aims to analyse the factors influencing work-life balance among single working women in Pollachi Taluk. The study is based on primary data collected from 105 respondents through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. Statistical tools such as simple percentage analysis and weighted average ranking method were used for analysis. The findings reveal that family support, suitable working hours, safe working environment, and emotional support from parents and children significantly influence work-life balance. The study concludes that both organizational support and family support are essential in improving the well-being and work-life balance of single working women.  

Challenges Faced by Students towards Educational Mobile Apps

Dr. P.Jayanthi

The research paper aims to examine the challenges faced by students towards educational mobile apps. Data for the study have been collected from 426 students in Pollachi Taluk through issue of well-structured questionnaire by adopting random sampling method. Simple percentage and chi-square test have been used to analyze the data. The study reveals that majority of the students are female residing in rural area and studying under graduate arts stream in private institutions. It also reveals that majority of the students face several major challenges while using educational apps. The most prominent issues are distractions, poor internet connectivity, Health issues (eye strain and stress), high cost of data followed by lack of interaction with teachers, apps that do not match course curriculum, technical issues, limited phone storage, lack of mobile data limits and difficulty in understanding content. It highlights that while educational apps are useful, students face technical, personal, and engagement-related issues, which can reduce their effectiveness in learning. Chi-square test shows that age, area of residence, streams and family income are significantly associated with the level of challenges towards educational mobile apps.  

Social Work Education among Undergraduate (B.S.W.) Students in Colleges Affiliated with Saurashtra University: Field Work Practicum Methods, Regional Issues, Supervisory Challenges, and Future Direction - Study

Dr. Ravi B. Dhanani

Social work is an established professional and practical academic discipline based on human relations, social change, and equality. Its two main pillars are: Theory and Field Work Practicum. Social work education provides students with a practical opportunity to face complex, real-life situations, intervene through scientific methods, and bring qualitative improvements to human conditions, rather than just memorizing definitions. Seven colleges registered under Saurashtra University, Rajkot, run the B.S.W. curriculum. Undergraduate students joining this course after Class 12 are not yet of mature age, and their problem-solving capacity is in its developmental stage. Therefore, keeping the current educational and social perspective in mind, a review of the quality of field work, policies, regulations, and the supervision process at the undergraduate level has become absolutely essential. 

Economic Behavior of Working Women: A Study on Income Utilization and Savings

Dr.P.Karthika

The increasing participation of women in the workforce has significantly contributed to household income and financial decision-making. This study examines the income level, income utilization pattern, and saving behaviour of working women. The research is based on primary data collected from 100 working women using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, percentage analysis, Chi-square test, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that the majority of working women earn a moderate monthly income, with a mean income of Rs.34,500, and a large portion of their earnings is allocated toward household expenses and family needs. The average monthly saving among respondents is Rs.5,200, indicating moderate saving capacity due to increasing living costs and financial responsibilities. The Chi-square test shows a significant relationship between income level and saving behaviour, indicating that women with higher income levels tend to save more. Correlation analysis also reveals a strong positive relationship between income and savings, while expenditure increases with income. The study concludes that although working women actively contribute to household financial management and demonstrate positive saving habits, their savings are often constrained by family expenses. Improving financial literacy and encouraging diversified investment opportunities can enhance the financial security and economic independence of working women.

An Explainable Hybrid Machine Learning Framework for UPI QR and Collect Request Fraud Detection

Mrs. R.Gayathri; Mrs. Rejitha D

The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has emerged as a dominant digital payment platform in India, processing over 10 billion transactions monthly and increasingly attracting fraud attacks such as PAY/RECEIVE manipulation, QR code tampering, and social engineering. Conventional rule-based fraud detection systems are limited in their ability to capture evolving behavioral, contextual, and semantic fraud patterns. This paper presents an explainable hybrid fraud detection framework for UPI QR transactions that performs multi-dimensional analysis of user behavior and transaction context. The proposed framework integrates behavioral decision features, contextual device and call-state indicators, semantic text manipulation signals, and a dynamic QR reputation scoring mechanism that adapts over time. A hybrid architecture combining rule-based screening, Isolation Forest anomaly detection, and XGBoost classification is employed, with SHAP used to provide model interpretability. The framework operates real-time deployment, while delivering transparent and human-interpretable explanations that address trust and accountability requirements in financial fraud detection systems.

Perception of material culture and fishing of Puri district in Orissa

Mr.Gama Mohanto

Perception of environmental resources is one of the key factors in development of material culture of the people. The natural environment has opened up a number of elements and possibilities to convert them as resources. Sometimes a single object may have multiple resource possibilities and their utilization as resource depends upon the applied knowledge and experience of the people. The physical environment of the study area of the state of Orissa has created immense scope of marine resource development. Fishing is one of the most important resource processes in the state. Here three different types of fishing namely, marine fishing, brackish fishing and inland fishing have developed. Both inland fishing and brackish fishing have been developed by the Oriya people of the state whereas marine fishing in the state has been developed by the migrant people of Telugu community. Herein the role of perception is the key factor in the growth of resource processing. In the present paper, the role of perception in evolution of marine fishing in the study area is studied with the background of physical resource potentialities, difficulties and prospects of other resource processes. The degree and magnitude of influence of perception on the material culture of fishermen of Orissa has also been taken into consideration in this paper.  

Radicalism in Indian History- example from India

Mr.Tapas Pyne

Dispossession and forced separation of a section of people from the means of production are inextricably associated with state-led economic development. In an inherited post-colonial development paradigm, a ‘top down’ approach followed in India excluded the people living at the bottom of the socio-economic ladder as equal partners who with respect to rising ‘mainstream’ material expectations experience ‘dispossession’ by displacement. Radicalism based on this ground reality, a consequence of uneven development across social and economic categories and across regions, becomes a corollary that concerns both the state and the civil society. Rather than withdrawing from the system that evolved and got fractured over time, the paper opines, the state has to play a key role in development the beginning and base of which has to be to take into confidence the marginalized sections of the society like the tribal people, the downtrodden, and the poor as dignified and equal partners.  

Communal constitution of the Chauhans of Sambalpur

Ms.Rama Biswas

In brief it is mainly a discussion on the tribal and non-tribal structure of society of the state of Sambalpur. Within this social hierarchy, the Chauhans stood first, followed by various tribal groups like the Binjhals, Kondh, and Sahara etc. The Chauhans maintained a balance of relationship within their tribal population. They created all possible conveniences to attract people of the higher social groups from outside to settle in their kingdom. To arrive at a definite historical conclusion as to how the social structure was designed by the Chauhans of Sambalpur, the author of the article consulted the only contemporary as well as authentic Sanskrit courtly chronicle of sixteenth century, ‘KosalanandaKavyam’, the eighteenth century authentic Lariya courtly chronicle ‘Jaya Chandrika’and other vernacular sources of seventeenth century such as ‘Sasisena Kavya’, ‘Sambala Mansa’. Nineteenth century British accounts are used adequately as well. This paper is an attempt at providing certain observations on the social structure of western Orissa under the Chauhans of Sambalpur during sixteenth to eighteenth century.  

History of Environmental History of India: A Review of Historiography

V.M. Ravi Kumar

Environmental history offers systematic documentation of human environmental relationship in the past. Fascinating literature on environmental history has been produced in the last three decades in India. This articles attempts to propose a historiographical review of this new frontier of historical inquiry. Three of the following aspects are highlighted: core areas covered under environmental history: broad trends that are used in structuring environmental history and further prospects to explore ecological dimension of India history.